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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexithymie</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>Alexithymie</b> (von gr. α- (a-) <i>ohne</i>, λέξις (lexis) <i>sprechen, lesen</i> und θυµóς (thymos) <i>Leidenschaft, Gefühl, Emotion</i>), auch <b>Gefühlsblindheit</b>, bezeichnet Einschränkungen bei der Fähigkeit, <a href="Emotion" title="Emotion">Emotionen</a> wahrzunehmen, zu erkennen und zu beschreiben. Emotionen sind bei Betroffenen prinzipiell vorhanden, werden jedoch als rein körperliche Symptome interpretiert. Der Schweregrad kann von nur leichten Schwierigkeiten beim Erkennen bestimmter Emotionen bis hin zu vollkommener „Gefühlsblindheit“ reichen.
</p><p>Alexithymie tritt gehäuft im Zusammenhang mit verschiedenen psychischen und physischen <a href="Krankheit" title="Krankheit">Erkrankungen</a> bzw. <a href="Psychische_St%C3%B6rung" title="Psychische Störung">Störungen</a> auf, besonders häufig bei <a href="Depression" title="Depression">Depressionen</a> und <a href="Autismus" title="Autismus">Autismus</a>. Sie kann jedoch auch gesunde, normal entwickelte Menschen betreffen. Alexithymie wird gegenwärtig nicht als eigenständige Störung klassifiziert und ist dementsprechend in den aktuellen medizinischen Klassifikationssystemen <a href="ICD-10" title="ICD-10">ICD-10</a>, <a href="ICD-11" title="ICD-11">ICD-11</a> und <a href="DSM-5" title="DSM-5">DSM-5</a> nicht verzeichnet.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ätiologie_und_Einteilung"><span id=".C3.84tiologie_und_Einteilung"></span>Ätiologie und Einteilung</h2></div>
<p>Die <a href="Neurobiologie" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurobiologie">neurobiologischen</a> Ursachen der Alexithymie sind bislang nicht abschließend geklärt. Das Störungsbild kann jedoch sowohl angeboren als auch erworben sein. Als Grund für die nachträgliche Entstehung von Alexithymie werden insbesondere psychische <a href="Trauma_(Psychologie)" title="Trauma (Psychologie)">Traumata</a> angenommen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Erworbene Gefühlsblindheit ist somit als eine Art psychischer Schutzmechanismus vor zu intensiven Emotionen zu verstehen. Dabei lassen sich zwei Typen von psychisch bedingter Alexithymie unterscheiden:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<ol><li><i>Primäre Alexithymie</i> ist angeboren oder entwickelt sich in der Kindheit, oft infolge von <a href="Kindheitstrauma" title="Kindheitstrauma">Kindheitstraumata</a>. Sie besteht lebenslang und gilt als Risikofaktor für psychische Folgeerkrankungen.</li>
<li><i>Sekundäre Alexithymie</i> entsteht im Erwachsenenalter durch starke Belastungssituationen infolge psychischer oder physischer Erkrankungen. Sie kann mit Abklingen der Grunderkrankung ebenfalls wieder verschwinden.</li></ol>
<p>Darüber hinaus lässt sich als dritter Typ die <i>Organische Alexithymie</i> abgrenzen, die durch <a href="Sch%C3%A4del-Hirn-Trauma" title="Schädel-Hirn-Trauma">Schädel-Hirn-Traumata</a> oder andere erworbene <a href="Hirnschaden" title="Hirnschaden">Hirnschäden</a> verursacht wird.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symptomatik">Symptomatik</h2></div>
<p>Das zentrale Merkmal der Alexithymie sind Schwierigkeiten bis hin zur vollkommenen Unfähigkeit, eigene Emotionen wahrzunehmen, zu erkennen und zu beschreiben. Diese werden stattdessen als rein körperliche Symptome interpretiert. So würde beispielsweise eine Reaktion mit Herzklopfen, Zittern, Schwitzen und Übelkeit nicht als Ausdruck von <a href="Angst" title="Angst">Angst</a> verstanden, sondern als Anzeichen einer körperlichen Erkrankung. Betroffene sind dementsprechend nicht dazu in der Lage, eigene emotionale Zustände auf Anhieb oder überhaupt in Worte zu fassen und haben Schwierigkeiten, Emotionen von tatsächlich körperlichen Symptomen zu unterscheiden. Sie können zwar rational begreifen, was mit den Bezeichnungen verschiedener Emotionen gemeint ist, verbinden damit jedoch keine eigenen inneren Zustände.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Auch das instinktive Erkennen und Beschreiben negativer Emotionen bei anderen Menschen ist bei Alexithymie beeinträchtigt. Betroffene sind also nicht oder nur bedingt dazu in der Lage, anhand des <a href="Mimik" title="Mimik">Gesichtsausdrucks</a> oder <a href="Intonation_(Sprachwissenschaft)" title="Intonation (Sprachwissenschaft)">Tonfalls</a> einer Person, Gefühlszustände wie <a href="Wut" title="Wut">Wut</a>, <a href="Angst" title="Angst">Angst</a> oder <a href="Traurigkeit" title="Traurigkeit">Traurigkeit</a> automatisiert zu erfassen. Dies kann dazu führen, dass sie in sozialen Situationen unabsichtlich falsch oder unangemessen reagieren, was dann von Mitmenschen z.&nbsp;B. als emotionale Kälte oder Boshaftigkeit missverstanden wird. Das Erkennen und Beschreiben positiver Emotionen, wie <a href="Freude" title="Freude">Freude</a> oder <a href="%C3%9Cberraschung" title="Überraschung">Überraschung</a>, ist nach gegenwärtigem Stand der Forschung nicht beeinträchtigt.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Als charakteristisch für Alexithymie gilt zudem ein rationaler, an äußeren Ereignissen orientierter Denkstil (engl. <i>externally oriented thinking</i>). Betroffene reflektieren kaum über ihr eigenes Seelenleben und fokussieren sich stattdessen auf Ereignisse und Details in ihrer Umwelt. Persönliche Einstellungen, Gefühle, Wünsche oder Beweggründe beziehen sie in ihre Überlegungen kaum mit ein. Ebenfalls häufig, aber nicht immer, wird ein auffallender Mangel an <a href="Phantasie" title="Phantasie">Fantasie</a> als Bestandteil von Alexithymie genannt. So fallen Betroffene mitunter durch nur gering ausgeprägte oder völlig fehlende Vorstellungskraft sowie durch reduziertes oder nicht vorhandenes <a href="Tagtraum" title="Tagtraum">Tag-</a> und <a href="Traum" title="Traum">Nachtträumen</a> auf.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Folgen">Folgen</h2></div>
<p>Primäre Alexithymie gilt als Risikofaktor für die Entstehung psychischer <a href="Sekund%C3%A4re_Krankheit" title="Sekundäre Krankheit">Folgeerkrankungen</a>, wie <a href="Depression" title="Depression">Depressionen</a> oder <a href="Angstst%C3%B6rung" title="Angststörung">Angststörungen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zugleich sind psychische Erkrankungen bei alexithymen Patienten deutlich schwerer zu behandeln, da sie oft schlechter auf <a href="Psychotherapie" title="Psychotherapie">Psychotherapien</a> ansprechen.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Auch besteht bei Alexithymie eine stärkere Neigung zu <a href="Selbstverletzendes_Verhalten" title="Selbstverletzendes Verhalten">Selbstverletzungen</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <a href="Suizidalit%C3%A4t" title="Suizidalität">Suizidalität</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnostik">Diagnostik</h2></div>
<p>Das Vorhandensein bzw. der Schweregrad einer Alexithymie kann mittels verschiedener Tests zur Selbst- oder Fremdbeurteilung ermittelt werden, z.&nbsp;B.:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="Toronto_Alexithymia_Scale" title="Toronto Alexithymia Scale">Toronto Alexithymia Scale</a> (TAS-20)</li>
<li>Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia (TSIA)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Amsterdam Alexithymia Scale (AAS)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<p>Das mit Abstand am weitesten verbreitete Testverfahren ist die TAS-20. Auch den anderen wird überwiegend eine gute <a href="Validit%C3%A4t" title="Validität">Validität</a> attestiert, da sie jedoch zum Teil unterschiedliche Aspekte berücksichtigen, können die Ergebnisse abweichen. Insbesondere die Verfahren zur Selbstbeurteilung werden mitunter kritisiert, da die Fähigkeit zur <a href="Selbstbeobachtung" title="Selbstbeobachtung">Selbstbeobachtung</a> bei alexithymen Menschen eingeschränkt sein könne.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Da Alexithymie nicht als eigenständiges Krankheitsbild in den geltenden Diagnosekatalogen <a href="ICD-10" title="ICD-10">ICD-10</a>, <a href="ICD-11" title="ICD-11">ICD-11</a> und <a href="DSM-5" title="DSM-5">DSM-5</a> verzeichnet ist, kann keine formal gültige Diagnose vergeben werden.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Häufigkeit_und_Komorbiditäten"><span id="H.C3.A4ufigkeit_und_Komorbidit.C3.A4ten"></span>Häufigkeit und Komorbiditäten</h2></div>
<p>Für die Allgemeinbevölkerung wird eine <a href="Pr%C3%A4valenz" title="Prävalenz">Prävalenz</a> von etwa 10&nbsp;% angenommen, wobei Männer etwas häufiger betroffen sind als Frauen.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Verstärkt ist Alexithymie im Zusammenhang mit diversen psychischen und physischen Erkrankungen oder Störungen zu beobachten. Dabei ist häufig nur schwer zu unterscheiden, ob es sich bei der Gefühlsblindheit jeweils um die Ursache, eine Folge oder um ein unabhängiges Begleitsymptom handelt und inwiefern sich verschiedene <a href="Komorbidit%C3%A4t" title="Komorbidität">Komorbiditäten</a> gegenseitig beeinflussen. Für die meisten bekannten Komorbiditäten liegen bislang keine ausreichenden Daten für eine belastbare Einschätzung der <a href="Relative_H%C3%A4ufigkeit" title="Relative Häufigkeit">relativen Häufigkeit</a> vor. Beschrieben wurden statistisch signifikante Korrelationen u.&nbsp;a. für <a href="Depression" title="Depression">Depressionen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Burnout-Syndrom" class="mw-redirect" title="Burnout-Syndrom">Burnout</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> die <a href="Borderline-Pers%C3%B6nlichkeitsst%C3%B6rung" title="Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung">Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Chronisches_Schmerzsyndrom" title="Chronisches Schmerzsyndrom">chronische Schmerzen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Abh%C3%A4ngigkeit_von_psychoaktiven_Substanzen" title="Abhängigkeit von psychoaktiven Substanzen">Substanzmissbrauch</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bestimmte <a href="Angstst%C3%B6rung" title="Angststörung">Angststörungen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Posttraumatische_Belastungsst%C3%B6rung" title="Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung">Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Essst%C3%B6rung" title="Essstörung">Essstörungen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Krebs_(Medizin)" title="Krebs (Medizin)">Krebserkrankungen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Arterielle_Hypertonie" title="Arterielle Hypertonie">Bluthochdruck</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Schuppenflechte" title="Schuppenflechte">Psoriasis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Chronisch-entz%C3%BCndliche_Darmerkrankungen" title="Chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen">chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Diabetes_mellitus#Diabetes_Typ_2" title="Diabetes mellitus">Typ-2-Diabetes</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und das <a href="Reizdarmsyndrom" title="Reizdarmsyndrom">Reizdarmsyndrom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Besonders verbreitet ist Alexithymie bei <a href="Autismus" title="Autismus">Autismus</a>. Eine <a href="Metaanalyse" title="Metaanalyse">Metaanalyse</a> ergab für diese Bevölkerungsgruppe eine Prävalenz von etwa 50&nbsp;% im Vergleich zu knapp 5&nbsp;% in der untersuchten nicht-autistischen <a href="Grundgesamtheit" title="Grundgesamtheit">Population</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dies ist insofern von Bedeutung, als Schwierigkeiten beim Erkennen und Beschreiben von Emotionen traditionell als ein Symptom von Autismus gelten. Neuere Forschungsergebnisse weisen jedoch darauf hin, dass dies möglicherweise nicht unmittelbar durch den Autismus selbst bedingt ist, sondern durch die hohen Raten komorbider Alexithymie.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forschungsgeschichte">Forschungsgeschichte</h2></div>
<p>Das Konzept sowie der Begriff der Alexithymie wurden 1973 von den US-amerikanischen Psychiatern <a href="John_Case_Nemiah" class="mw-redirect" title="John Case Nemiah">John Case Nemiah</a> (1918–2009) und Peter Emanuel Sifneos (1920–2008) eingeführt. Damit bezeichneten sie die Unfähigkeit ihrer Patienten mit <a href="Somatoforme_St%C3%B6rung" title="Somatoforme Störung">somatisierten Beschwerden</a>, ihre eigenen <a href="Emotion" title="Emotion">Gefühle</a> adäquat wahrzunehmen und sie mit Worten zu beschreiben. Im Interview zeigten sich die Betroffenen als <a href="Phantasie" title="Phantasie">fantasie</a>arm, besaßen einen nach außen gerichteten Denkstil und hielten ihre Beschwerden für rein körperlich.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Insbesondere der Aspekt der Fantasiearmut war jedoch schon früh umstritten, da weitere Forschungsarbeiten u.&nbsp;a. aufgrund der unklaren Definition von Fantasiearmut sehr uneinheitliche Ergebnisse hervorbrachten.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Darüber, ob ein Mangel an Vorstellungskraft ein <a href="Leitsymptom" title="Leitsymptom">Kernsymptom</a> von Alexithymie ist, besteht daher bis heute kein fachlicher Konsens. So wurde der Aspekt in der Neufassung der <a href="Toronto_Alexithymia_Scale" title="Toronto Alexithymia Scale">Toronto Alexithymia Scale</a> gestrichen, aber in das später von denselben Autoren entwickelte Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia wieder aufgenommen.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>B. Brosig, J. P. Kupfer, M. Wölfelschneider, E. Brähler: <i><a href="Pr%C3%A4valenz" title="Prävalenz">Prävalenz</a> und <a href="Soziodemographie" class="mw-redirect" title="Soziodemographie">soziodemographische</a> Prädiktoren der Alexithymie in Deutschland – Ergebnisse einer Repräsentativerhebung.</i> In: <i>Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie.</i> 52, 2004, S. 237–251.</li>
<li>H. Gündel, A. O. Ceballos-Baumann, M. von Rad: <i>Aktuelle Perspektiven der Alexithymie.</i> In: <i>Nervenarzt.</i> 71, Nr. 3, 2000, S. 151–163.</li>
<li>K. D. Hoppe: <i>Zur gegenwärtigen Alexithymie-Forschung. Kritik einer „instrumentalisierenden“ Kritik.</i> In: <i><a href="Psyche_(Psychoanalytische_Zeitschrift)" title="Psyche (Psychoanalytische Zeitschrift)">Psyche</a>. Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse.</i> 43, 1989, S. 1029–1043.</li>
<li>J. Kupfer, B. Brosig, E. Brähler: <i>Toronto-Alexithymie-Skala-26. Deutsche Version.</i> Hogrefe Verlag, Göttingen / Bern 2001.</li>
<li>P. Marty, M. de M’Uzan: <i>Das operative Denken (”pensée opératoire”).</i> In: <i><a href="Psyche_(Psychoanalytische_Zeitschrift)" title="Psyche (Psychoanalytische Zeitschrift)">Psyche</a>. Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse.</i> 32, 1978, S. 974–984.</li>
<li>Michael von Rad (Hrsg.): <i>Alexithymie. Empirische Untersuchungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie psychosomatisch Kranker.</i> Springer, Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-540-12141-2.</li>
<li>J. C. Nemiah, P. E. Sifneos: <i><span lang="en">Affect and fantasy in patients with psychosomatic disorders</span>.</i> In: O. W. Hill (Hrsg.): <i><span lang="en">Modern Trends in Psychosomatic Medicine</span></i> Band 2. Butterworths, London 1970, S. 26–34.</li>
<li>J. C. Nemiah, H. Freyberger, P. E. Sifneos: <i><span lang="en">Alexithymia: A view of the psychosomatic process</span>.</i> In: O. W. Hill (Hrsg.): <i><span lang="en">Modern Trends in Psychosomatic Medicine.</span></i> Band 3. Butterworths, London 1976, S. 430–439.</li>
<li>B. Weidenhammer: <i>Überlegungen zum Alexithymiebegriff: Psychischer Konflikt und sprachliches Verhalten. Ein Beitrag zur Phänomenologie.</i> In: <i>Zeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie.</i> 1986; 32, S. 60–65.</li>
<li>G. J. Taylor, R. M. Bagby, J. D. A. Parker: <i><span lang="en">The alexithymia construct: a potential paradigm for psychosomatic medicine.</span></i> In: <i>Psychosomatics.</i> 32, 1991, S. 153–164.</li>
<li>O. Luminet, R. Michael Bagby, G. J. Taylor (Hrsg.): <i>Alexithymia. Advances in Research, Theory, and Clinical Practice</i>, Cambridge University Press, 2018.</li>
<li>M. Rufer, H. J. Grabe (Hrsg.): <i>Alexithymie: Eine Störung der Affektregulation. Konzepte, Klinik und Therapie</i>, hogrefe, 2022.</li>
<li>V. Tesio, K. S. Goerlich, M. Hosoi, L. Castelli (Hrsg.): <i>Alexithymia: State of the art and controversies. Clinical and neuroscientific evidence</i>, Frontiers Media SA, 2019.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alexithymia?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Alexithymie</a></span></b>&nbsp;– Sammlung von Bildern</div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"></span></span></span><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Alexithymie" class="extiw external" title="wikt:Alexithymie">Wiktionary: Alexithymie</a></b>&nbsp;– Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen</div>
<ul><li>Jens Uehlecke: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/zeit-wissen/2006/02/Gefuehllose/komplettansicht"><i>Kein Gefühl, nirgends.</i></a> In: <i><a href="Die_Zeit" title="Die Zeit">Die Zeit</a>.</i> 23. April 1998.</li>
<li>Sylvie Berthoz: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/0,1518,345128,00.html"><i>Emotionsstörungen: Wenn Männer keine Gefühle haben.</i></a> In: <i><a href="Spiegel_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiegel Online">Spiegel Online</a>.</i> 7. März 2005.</li>
<li>Fanny Jiménez: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/gesundheit/psychologie/article10799184/Jeder-elfte-Deutsche-ist-blind-gegenueber-Gefuehlen.html"><i>Jeder elfte Deutsche ist blind gegenüber Gefühlen.</i></a> In: <i>Welt Online.</i> 8. November 2010.</li>
<li>Martin Hubert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dradio.de/dlf/sendungen/forschak/830073/"><i>Emotionale Verkettung: Empathie ist auf Körpergefühle angewiesen.</i></a> <a href="Deutschlandfunk" title="Deutschlandfunk">Deutschlandfunk</a>, 11. August 2008.</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/missbrauch-kann-gefuehlsverarbeitung-im-erwachsenenalter-erschweren-100.html">Missbrauch kann Gefühlsverarbeitung im Erwachsenenalter erschweren</a> In: <i>Deutschlandfunk Online</i> 14. Juni 2023</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Adriano Schimmenti, Vincenzo Caretti: <cite style="font-style:italic">Attachment, Trauma, and Alexithymia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia</cite>. 1. Auflage. Cambridge University Press, 2018, ISBN 978-1-108-24159-5, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>127–141</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108241595.010">10.1017/9781108241595.010</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Attachment%2C+Trauma%2C+and+Alexithymia&amp;rft.au=Adriano+Schimmenti%2C+Vincenzo+Caretti&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymia&amp;rft.date=2018-09-27&amp;rft.doi=10.1017%2F9781108241595.010&amp;rft.edition=1&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781108241595&amp;rft.pages=127-141&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Messina, J. N. Beadle, S. Paradiso: <cite style="font-style:italic">Towards a classification of alexithymia: primary, secondary and organic</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychopathology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>20</span>, 2014, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>38–49</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/download/66604383/Towards_a_classification_of_alexithymia_20210423-6308-qcyh7y.pdf">academia.edu</a> [PDF]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Towards+a+classification+of+alexithymia%3A+primary%2C+secondary+and+organic&amp;rft.au=A.+Messina%2C+J.+N.+Beadle%2C+S.+Paradiso&amp;rft.btitle=Journal+of+Psychopathology&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=38-49&amp;rft.volume=20" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Adriano Schimmenti, Vincenzo Caretti: <cite style="font-style:italic">Attachment, Trauma, and Alexithymia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia</cite>. 1. Auflage. Cambridge University Press, 2018, ISBN 978-1-108-24159-5, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>127–141</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108241595.010">10.1017/9781108241595.010</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781108241595%23CN-bp-8/type/book_part">cambridge.org</a> [abgerufen am 20.&nbsp;Juli 2024]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Attachment%2C+Trauma%2C+and+Alexithymia&amp;rft.au=Adriano+Schimmenti%2C+Vincenzo+Caretti&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymia&amp;rft.date=2018-09-27&amp;rft.doi=10.1017%2F9781108241595.010&amp;rft.edition=1&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781108241595&amp;rft.pages=127-141&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymie: Eine Störung der Affektregulation: Konzepte, Klinik und Therapie</cite>. 2. Auflage. Hogrefe AG, 2022, ISBN 978-3-456-86037-4, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>19<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>ff</span>., <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1024/86037-000">10.1024/86037-000</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymie%3A+Eine+St%C3%B6rung+der+Affektregulation%3A+Konzepte%2C+Klinik+und+Therapie&amp;rft.date=2022-06-13&amp;rft.doi=10.1024%2F86037-000&amp;rft.edition=2&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783456860374&amp;rft.pages=19ff&amp;rft.pub=Hogrefe+AG" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Olivier Luminet, Giorgia Zamariola: <cite style="font-style:italic">Emotion Knowledge and Emotion Regulation in Alexithymia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia</cite>. 1. Auflage. Cambridge University Press, 2018, ISBN 978-1-108-24159-5, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>49–77</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108241595.006">10.1017/9781108241595.006</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781108241595%23CN-bp-4/type/book_part">cambridge.org</a> [abgerufen am 20.&nbsp;Juli 2024]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Emotion+Knowledge+and+Emotion+Regulation+in+Alexithymia&amp;rft.au=Olivier+Luminet%2C+Giorgia+Zamariola&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymia&amp;rft.date=2018-09-27&amp;rft.doi=10.1017%2F9781108241595.006&amp;rft.edition=1&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781108241595&amp;rft.pages=49-77&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:22-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:22_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Messina, J. N. Beadle, S. Paradiso: <cite style="font-style:italic">Towards a classification of alexithymia: primary, secondary and organic</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychopathology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>20</span>, 2014, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>38–49</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/download/66604383/Towards_a_classification_of_alexithymia_20210423-6308-qcyh7y.pdf">academia.edu</a> [PDF]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Towards+a+classification+of+alexithymia%3A+primary%2C+secondary+and+organic&amp;rft.au=A.+Messina%2C+J.+N.+Beadle%2C+S.+Paradiso&amp;rft.btitle=Journal+of+Psychopathology&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=38-49&amp;rft.volume=20" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John S. Ogrodniczuk, William E. Piper, Anthony S. Joyce: <cite style="font-style:italic">Effect of alexithymia on the process and outcome of psychotherapy: A programmatic review</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychiatry Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>190</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, November 2011, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>43–48</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.04.026">10.1016/j.psychres.2010.04.026</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Effect+of+alexithymia+on+the+process+and+outcome+of+psychotherapy%3A+A+programmatic+review&amp;rft.au=John+S.+Ogrodniczuk%2C+William+E.+Piper%2C+Anthony+S.+Joyce&amp;rft.date=2011-11&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.psychres.2010.04.026&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Psychiatry+Research&amp;rft.pages=43-48&amp;rft.volume=190" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry Krystal: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia and Psychotherapy</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">American Journal of Psychotherapy</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>33</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Januar 1979, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>17–31</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1979.33.1.17">10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1979.33.1.17</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+and+Psychotherapy&amp;rft.au=Henry+Krystal&amp;rft.date=1979-01&amp;rft.doi=10.1176%2Fappi.psychotherapy.1979.33.1.17&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Psychotherapy&amp;rft.pages=17-31&amp;rft.volume=33" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John S. Ogrodniczuk, David Kealy, George A. Hadjipavlou, Kristjana Cameron: <cite style="font-style:italic">Therapeutic Issues</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia</cite>. 1. Auflage. Cambridge University Press, 2018, ISBN 978-1-108-24159-5, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>190–206</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108241595.014">10.1017/9781108241595.014</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781108241595%23CN-bp-12/type/book_part">cambridge.org</a> [abgerufen am 21.&nbsp;Juli 2024]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Therapeutic+Issues&amp;rft.au=John+S.+Ogrodniczuk%2C+David+Kealy%2C+George+A.+Hadjipavlou%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymia&amp;rft.date=2018-09-27&amp;rft.doi=10.1017%2F9781108241595.014&amp;rft.edition=1&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781108241595&amp;rft.pages=190-206&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hilary Norman, Andrea Oskis, Lisa Marzano, Mark Coulson: <cite style="font-style:italic">The relationship between self‐harm and alexithymia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Scandinavian Journal of Psychology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>61</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>6</span>, Dezember 2020, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>855–876</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12668">10.1111/sjop.12668</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+self%E2%80%90harm+and+alexithymia%3A+A+systematic+review+and+meta%E2%80%90analysis&amp;rft.au=Hilary+Norman%2C+Andrea+Oskis%2C+Lisa+Marzano%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2020-12&amp;rft.doi=10.1111%2Fsjop.12668&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+Journal+of+Psychology&amp;rft.pages=855-876&amp;rft.volume=61" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Steven Davey, Jamin Halberstadt, Elliot Bell, Sunny Collings: <cite style="font-style:italic">A scoping review of suicidality and alexithymia: The need to consider interoception</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Affective Disorders</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>238</span>, Oktober 2018, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>424–441</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.027">10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.027</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=A+scoping+review+of+suicidality+and+alexithymia%3A+The+need+to+consider+interoception&amp;rft.au=Steven+Davey%2C+Jamin+Halberstadt%2C+Elliot+Bell%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Journal+of+Affective+Disorders&amp;rft.date=2018-10&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.jad.2018.06.027&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=424-441&amp;rft.volume=238" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam Iskric, Amanda K. Ceniti, Yvonne Bergmans, Shane McInerney, Sakina J. Rizvi: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia and self-harm: A review of nonsuicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychiatry Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>288</span>, Juni 2020, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>112920</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112920">10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112920</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+and+self-harm%3A+A+review+of+nonsuicidal+self-injury%2C+suicidal+ideation%2C+and+suicide+attempts&amp;rft.au=Adam+Iskric%2C+Amanda+K.+Ceniti%2C+Yvonne+Bergmans%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Psychiatry+Research&amp;rft.date=2020-06&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.psychres.2020.112920&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=112920&amp;rft.volume=288" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vincenzo Caretti, Piero Porcelli, Luigi Solano, Adriano Schimmenti, R. Michael Bagby, Graeme J. Taylor: <cite style="font-style:italic">Reliability and validity of the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia in a mixed clinical and nonclinical sample from Italy</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychiatry Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>187</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>3</span>, Mai 2011, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>432–436</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.02.015">10.1016/j.psychres.2011.02.015</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Reliability+and+validity+of+the+Toronto+Structured+Interview+for+Alexithymia+in+a+mixed+clinical+and+nonclinical+sample+from+Italy&amp;rft.au=Vincenzo+Caretti%2C+Piero+Porcelli%2C+Luigi+Solano%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2011-05&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.psychres.2011.02.015&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Psychiatry+Research&amp;rft.pages=432-436&amp;rft.volume=187" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harrie C.M Vorst, Bob Bermond: <cite style="font-style:italic">Validity and reliability of the Bermond–Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Personality and Individual Differences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>30</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>3</span>, Februar 2001, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>413–434</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869%2800%2900033-7">10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00033-7</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Validity+and+reliability+of+the+Bermond-Vorst+Alexithymia+Questionnaire&amp;rft.au=Harrie+C.M+Vorst%2C+Bob+Bermond&amp;rft.date=2001-02&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2FS0191-8869%2800%2900033-7&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Personality+and+Individual+Differences&amp;rft.pages=413-434&amp;rft.volume=30" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark G. Haviland, W. Louise Warren, Matt L. Riggs: <cite style="font-style:italic">An Observer Scale to Measure Alexithymia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychosomatics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>41</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>5</span>, September 2000, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>385–392</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psy.41.5.385">10.1176/appi.psy.41.5.385</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=An+Observer+Scale+to+Measure+Alexithymia&amp;rft.au=Mark+G.+Haviland%2C+W.+Louise+Warren%2C+Matt+L.+Riggs&amp;rft.date=2000-09&amp;rft.doi=10.1176%2Fappi.psy.41.5.385&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=Psychosomatics&amp;rft.pages=385-392&amp;rft.volume=41" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David Preece, Rodrigo Becerra, Ken Robinson, Justine Dandy, Alfred Allan: <cite style="font-style:italic">The psychometric assessment of alexithymia: Development and validation of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Personality and Individual Differences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>132</span>, Oktober 2018, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>32–44</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.011">10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.011</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+psychometric+assessment+of+alexithymia%3A+Development+and+validation+of+the+Perth+Alexithymia+Questionnaire&amp;rft.au=David+Preece%2C+Rodrigo+Becerra%2C+Ken+Robinson%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Personality+and+Individual+Differences&amp;rft.date=2018-10&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.paid.2018.05.011&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=32-44&amp;rft.volume=132" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard D. Lane, Donald M. Quinlan, Gary E. Schwartz, Pamela A. Walker, Sharon B. Zeitlin: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale: A Cognitive-Developmental Measure of Emotion</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Personality Assessment</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>55</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1–2</span>, September 1990, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>124–134</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.1990.9674052">10.1080/00223891.1990.9674052</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+Levels+of+Emotional+Awareness+Scale%3A+A+Cognitive-Developmental+Measure+of+Emotion&amp;rft.au=Richard+D.+Lane%2C+Donald+M.+Quinlan%2C+Gary+E.+Schwartz%2C+...&amp;rft.date=1990-09&amp;rft.doi=10.1080%2F00223891.1990.9674052&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1-2&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+Assessment&amp;rft.pages=124-134&amp;rft.volume=55" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bob Bermond, Harrie C.M. Vorst, Ad J.J.M. Vingerhoets, Welmoet Gerritsen: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Amsterdam Alexithymia Scale: Its Psychometric Values and Correlations with Other Personality Traits</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>68</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>5</span>, 1999, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>241–251</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159/000012340">10.1159/000012340</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+Amsterdam+Alexithymia+Scale%3A+Its+Psychometric+Values+and+Correlations+with+Other+Personality+Traits&amp;rft.au=Bob+Bermond%2C+Harrie+C.M.+Vorst%2C+Ad+J.J.M.+Vingerhoets%2C+...&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.doi=10.1159%2F000012340&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=Psychotherapy+and+Psychosomatics&amp;rft.pages=241-251&amp;rft.volume=68" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniela Šago, Goran Babić: <cite style="font-style:italic">Roots of Alexithymia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Archives of Psychiatry Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>55</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, 15.&nbsp;Juni 2019, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>71–84</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.20471/may.2019.55.01.06">10.20471/may.2019.55.01.06</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Roots+of+Alexithymia&amp;rft.au=Daniela+%C5%A0ago%2C+Goran+Babi%C4%87&amp;rft.date=2019-06-15&amp;rft.doi=10.20471%2Fmay.2019.55.01.06&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Psychiatry+Research&amp;rft.pages=71-84&amp;rft.volume=55" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymie: Eine Störung der Affektregulation: Konzepte, Klinik und Therapie</cite>. 2. Auflage. Hogrefe AG, 2022, ISBN 978-3-456-86037-4, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>24</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1024/86037-000">10.1024/86037-000</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymie%3A+Eine+St%C3%B6rung+der+Affektregulation%3A+Konzepte%2C+Klinik+und+Therapie&amp;rft.date=2022-06-13&amp;rft.doi=10.1024%2F86037-000&amp;rft.edition=2&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783456860374&amp;rft.pages=24&amp;rft.pub=Hogrefe+AG" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Matthias Franz, Kerstin Popp, Ralf Schaefer, Wolfgang Sitte, Christine Schneider, Jochen Hardt, Oliver Decker, Elmar Braehler: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia in the German general population</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>43</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Januar 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>54–62</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-007-0265-1">10.1007/s00127-007-0265-1</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+in+the+German+general+population&amp;rft.au=Matthias+Franz%2C+Kerstin+Popp%2C+Ralf+Schaefer%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2008-01&amp;rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00127-007-0265-1&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Social+Psychiatry+and+Psychiatric+Epidemiology&amp;rft.pages=54-62&amp;rft.volume=43" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jouko K. Salminen, Simo Saarijärvi, Erkki Äärelä, Tuula Toikka, Jussi Kauhanen: <cite style="font-style:italic">Prevalence of alexithymia and its association with sociodemographic variables in the general population of finland</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychosomatic Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>46</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Januar 1999, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>75–82</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999%2898%2900053-1">10.1016/S0022-3999(98)00053-1</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+alexithymia+and+its+association+with+sociodemographic+variables+in+the+general+population+of+finland&amp;rft.au=Jouko+K.+Salminen%2C+Simo+Saarij%C3%A4rvi%2C+Erkki+%C3%84%C3%A4rel%C3%A4%2C+...&amp;rft.date=1999-01&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2FS0022-3999%2898%2900053-1&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Psychosomatic+Research&amp;rft.pages=75-82&amp;rft.volume=46" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirsi Honkalampi, Jukka Hintikka, Antti Tanskanen, Johannes Lehtonen, Heimo Viinamäki: <cite style="font-style:italic">Depression is strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychosomatic Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>48</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Januar 2000, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>99–104</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999%2899%2900083-5">10.1016/S0022-3999(99)00083-5</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Depression+is+strongly+associated+with+alexithymia+in+the+general+population&amp;rft.au=Kirsi+Honkalampi%2C+Jukka+Hintikka%2C+Antti+Tanskanen%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2000-01&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2FS0022-3999%2899%2900083-5&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Psychosomatic+Research&amp;rft.pages=99-104&amp;rft.volume=48" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shuwen Li, Bin Zhang, Yufang Guo, Jingping Zhang: <cite style="font-style:italic">The association between alexithymia as assessed by the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale and depression: A meta-analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychiatry Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>227</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Mai 2015, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1–9</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.02.006">10.1016/j.psychres.2015.02.006</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+association+between+alexithymia+as+assessed+by+the+20-item+Toronto+Alexithymia+Scale+and+depression%3A+A+meta-analysis&amp;rft.au=Shuwen+Li%2C+Bin+Zhang%2C+Yufang+Guo%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2015-05&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.psychres.2015.02.006&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Psychiatry+Research&amp;rft.pages=1-9&amp;rft.volume=227" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirsi Honkalampi, Domenico De Berardis, Federica Vellante, Heimo Viinamäki: <cite style="font-style:italic">Relations between Alexithymia and Depressive and Anxiety Disorders and Personality</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia</cite>. 1. Auflage. Cambridge University Press, 2018, ISBN 978-1-108-24159-5, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>142–157</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108241595.011">10.1017/9781108241595.011</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781108241595%23CN-bp-9/type/book_part">cambridge.org</a> [abgerufen am 21.&nbsp;Juli 2024]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Relations+between+Alexithymia+and+Depressive+and+Anxiety+Disorders+and+Personality&amp;rft.au=Kirsi+Honkalampi%2C+Domenico+De+Berardis%2C+Federica+Vellante%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymia&amp;rft.date=2018-09-27&amp;rft.doi=10.1017%2F9781108241595.011&amp;rft.edition=1&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781108241595&amp;rft.pages=142-157&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aino K. Mattila, Kirsi Ahola, Teija Honkonen, Jouko K. Salminen, Heini Huhtala, Matti Joukamaa: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia and occupational burnout are strongly associated in working population</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychosomatic Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>62</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>6</span>, Juni 2007, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>657–665</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.01.002">10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.01.002</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+and+occupational+burnout+are+strongly+associated+in+working+population&amp;rft.au=Aino+K.+Mattila%2C+Kirsi+Ahola%2C+Teija+Honkonen%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2007-06&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.jpsychores.2007.01.002&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Psychosomatic+Research&amp;rft.pages=657-665&amp;rft.volume=62" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Youri P. M. J. Derks, Gerben J. Westerhof, Ernst T. Bohlmeijer: <cite style="font-style:italic">A Meta-analysis on the Association Between Emotional Awareness and Borderline Personality Pathology</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Personality Disorders</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>31</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>3</span>, Juni 2017, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>362–384</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2016_30_257">10.1521/pedi_2016_30_257</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=A+Meta-analysis+on+the+Association+Between+Emotional+Awareness+and+Borderline+Personality+Pathology&amp;rft.au=Youri+P.+M.+J.+Derks%2C+Gerben+J.+Westerhof%2C+Ernst+T.+Bohlmeijer&amp;rft.date=2017-06&amp;rft.doi=10.1521%2Fpedi_2016_30_257&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+Disorders&amp;rft.pages=362-384&amp;rft.volume=31" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rachel V. Aaron, Emma A. Fisher, Rocio de la Vega, Mark A. Lumley, Tonya M. Palermo: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia in individuals with chronic pain and its relation to pain intensity, physical interference, depression, and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Pain</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>160</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>5</span>, Mai 2019, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>994–1006</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001487">10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001487</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31009416?dopt=Abstract">PMID 31009416</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+in+individuals+with+chronic+pain+and+its+relation+to+pain+intensity%2C+physical+interference%2C+depression%2C+and+anxiety%3A+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&amp;rft.au=Rachel+V.+Aaron%2C+Emma+A.+Fisher%2C+Rocio+de+la+Vega%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2019-05&amp;rft.doi=10.1097%2Fj.pain.0000000000001487&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=Pain&amp;rft.pages=994-1006&amp;rft.pmid=31009416&amp;rft.volume=160" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymie: Eine Störung der Affektregulation: Konzepte, Klinik und Therapie</cite>. 2. Auflage. Hogrefe AG, 2022, ISBN 978-3-456-86037-4, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>162<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>ff</span>., <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1024/86037-000">10.1024/86037-000</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymie%3A+Eine+St%C3%B6rung+der+Affektregulation%3A+Konzepte%2C+Klinik+und+Therapie&amp;rft.date=2022-06-13&amp;rft.doi=10.1024%2F86037-000&amp;rft.edition=2&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783456860374&amp;rft.pages=162ff&amp;rft.pub=Hogrefe+AG" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymie: Eine Störung der Affektregulation: Konzepte, Klinik und Therapie</cite>. 2. Auflage. Hogrefe AG, 2022, ISBN 978-3-456-86037-4, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>166<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>f</span>., <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1024/86037-000">10.1024/86037-000</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymie%3A+Eine+St%C3%B6rung+der+Affektregulation%3A+Konzepte%2C+Klinik+und+Therapie&amp;rft.date=2022-06-13&amp;rft.doi=10.1024%2F86037-000&amp;rft.edition=2&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783456860374&amp;rft.pages=166f&amp;rft.pub=Hogrefe+AG" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carsten Spitzer, Lisa Schilling, Ulrich John, Henry Völzke, Katja Appel, Andrea Schulz, Sven Barnow, Harald J. Freyberger, Hans-Joergen Grabe: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymie, traumatischer Stress und posttraumatische Belastungsstörung – Befunde aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie, Psychologie und Psychotherapie</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>61</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Januar 2013, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>27–36</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747%2Fa000137">10.1024/1661-4747/a000137</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymie%2C+traumatischer+Stress+und+posttraumatische+Belastungsst%C3%B6rung+-+Befunde+aus+der+Allgemeinbev%C3%B6lkerung&amp;rft.au=Carsten+Spitzer%2C+Lisa+Schilling%2C+Ulrich+John%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2013-01&amp;rft.doi=10.1024%2F1661-4747%2Fa000137&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+f%C3%BCr+Psychiatrie%2C+Psychologie+und+Psychotherapie&amp;rft.pages=27-36&amp;rft.volume=61" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cecilia Serena Pace, Stefania Muzi, Wanda Morganti: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia in Eating Disorders: A Narrative Review</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Eating Disorders</cite>. Springer International Publishing, Cham 2023, ISBN 978-3-03116690-7, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>313–352</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16691-4_20">10.1007/978-3-031-16691-4_20</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+in+Eating+Disorders%3A+A+Narrative+Review&amp;rft.au=Cecilia+Serena+Pace%2C+Stefania+Muzi%2C+Wanda+Morganti&amp;rft.btitle=Eating+Disorders&amp;rft.date=2023&amp;rft.doi=10.1007%2F978-3-031-16691-4_20&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783031166907&amp;rft.pages=313-352&amp;rft.place=Cham&amp;rft.pub=Springer+International+Publishing" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Matilda E Nowakowski, Traci McFarlane, Stephanie Cassin: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia and eating disorders: a critical review of the literature</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Eating Disorders</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, Dezember 2013, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-2974-1-21">10.1186/2050-2974-1-21</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24999402?dopt=Abstract">PMID 24999402</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+and+eating+disorders%3A+a+critical+review+of+the+literature&amp;rft.au=Matilda+E+Nowakowski%2C+Traci+McFarlane%2C+Stephanie+Cassin&amp;rft.date=2013-12&amp;rft.doi=10.1186%2F2050-2974-1-21&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Eating+Disorders&amp;rft.pmid=24999402&amp;rft.volume=1" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yaxin Liu, Qiufeng Du, Yunlan Jiang: <cite style="font-style:italic">Prevalence of alexithymia in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Supportive Care in Cancer</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>31</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>12</span>, Dezember 2023, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-08106-6">10.1007/s00520-023-08106-6</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+alexithymia+in+cancer+patients%3A+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&amp;rft.au=Yaxin+Liu%2C+Qiufeng+Du%2C+Yunlan+Jiang&amp;rft.date=2023-12&amp;rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00520-023-08106-6&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.jtitle=Supportive+Care+in+Cancer&amp;rft.volume=31" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Orlando Todarello, Graeme J. Taylor, James D.A. Parker, Margherita Fanelli: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia in essential hypertensive and psychiatric outpatients: A comparative study</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychosomatic Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>39</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>8</span>, November 1995, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>987–994</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999%2895%2900506-4">10.1016/0022-3999(95)00506-4</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+in+essential+hypertensive+and+psychiatric+outpatients%3A+A+comparative+study&amp;rft.au=Orlando+Todarello%2C+Graeme+J.+Taylor%2C+James+D.A.+Parker%2C+...&amp;rft.date=1995-11&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2F0022-3999%2895%2900506-4&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=8&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Psychosomatic+Research&amp;rft.pages=987-994&amp;rft.volume=39" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Antti Jula, Jouko K. Salminen, Simo Saarijärvi: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia: A Facet of Essential Hypertension</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Hypertension</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>33</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>4</span>, April 1999, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1057–1061</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.33.4.1057">10.1161/01.HYP.33.4.1057</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia%3A+A+Facet+of+Essential+Hypertension&amp;rft.au=Antti+Jula%2C+Jouko+K.+Salminen%2C+Simo+Saarij%C3%A4rvi&amp;rft.date=1999-04&amp;rft.doi=10.1161%2F01.HYP.33.4.1057&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Hypertension&amp;rft.pages=1057-1061&amp;rft.volume=33" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruce C. Gage, Kelly J. Egan: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Effect of Alexithymia on Morbidity in Hypertensives</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>41</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>3</span>, 1984, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>136–144</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159/000287801">10.1159/000287801</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Alexithymia+on+Morbidity+in+Hypertensives&amp;rft.au=Bruce+C.+Gage%2C+Kelly+J.+Egan&amp;rft.date=1984&amp;rft.doi=10.1159%2F000287801&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Psychotherapy+and+Psychosomatics&amp;rft.pages=136-144&amp;rft.volume=41" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">F. Sampogna, L. Puig, P. Spuls, G. Girolomoni, M.A. Radtke, B. Kirby, M. Brunori, P. Bergmans, P. Smirnov, J. Rundle, F. Lavie, C. Paul, the EPIDEPSO Investigators: <cite style="font-style:italic">Prevalence of alexithymia in patients with psoriasis and its association with disease burden: a multicentre observational study</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">British Journal of Dermatology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>176</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>5</span>, Mai 2017, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1195–1203</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.15243">10.1111/bjd.15243</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+alexithymia+in+patients+with+psoriasis+and+its+association+with+disease+burden%3A+a+multicentre+observational+study&amp;rft.au=F.+Sampogna%2C+L.+Puig%2C+P.+Spuls%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2017-05&amp;rft.doi=10.1111%2Fbjd.15243&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Dermatology&amp;rft.pages=1195-1203&amp;rft.volume=176" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marina Talamonti, Marco Galluzzo, Stella Servoli, Simone D'Adamio, Luca Bianchi: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia and Plaque Psoriasis: Preliminary Investigation in a Clinical Sample of 250 Patients</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Dermatology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>232</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>6</span>, 2016, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>648–654</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159/000453661">10.1159/000453661</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+and+Plaque+Psoriasis%3A+Preliminary+Investigation+in+a+Clinical+Sample+of+250+Patients&amp;rft.au=Marina+Talamonti%2C+Marco+Galluzzo%2C+Stella+Servoli%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.doi=10.1159%2F000453661&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.jtitle=Dermatology&amp;rft.pages=648-654&amp;rft.volume=232" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">P669. The prevalence of alexithymia in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Crohn's and Colitis</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>10</span>, suppl 1, März 2016, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>S443.1–S443</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc%2Fjjw019.788">10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw019.788</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=P669.+The+prevalence+of+alexithymia+in+inflammatory+bowel+disease%3A+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&amp;rft.date=2016-03&amp;rft.doi=10.1093%2Fecco-jcc%2Fjjw019.788&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=suppl+1&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Crohn%27s+and+Colitis&amp;rft.pages=S443.1-S443&amp;rft.volume=10" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gabriella Martino, Andrea Caputo, Carmelo M. Vicario, Antonino Catalano, Peter Schwarz, Maria C. Quattropani: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Relationship Between Alexithymia and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Frontiers in Psychology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>11</span>, 28.&nbsp;August 2020, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02026">10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02026</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32982843?dopt=Abstract">PMID 32982843</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7484475/">PMC&nbsp;7484475</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+Relationship+Between+Alexithymia+and+Type+2+Diabetes%3A+A+Systematic+Review&amp;rft.au=Gabriella+Martino%2C+Andrea+Caputo%2C+Carmelo+M.+Vicario%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Frontiers+in+Psychology&amp;rft.date=2020-08-28&amp;rft.doi=10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2020.02026&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pmc=7484475&amp;rft.pmid=32982843&amp;rft.volume=11" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ju-Hong Pei, Yu-Ting Wei, Hong-Xia Tao, Qiu-Xia Yang, Guo-Li Zhang, Xiao-Jing Guo, Jia-Li Guo, Fang-Hong Yan, Lin HanPhD: <cite style="font-style:italic">The prevalence and characteristics of alexithymia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Psychosomatic Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>162</span>, November 2022, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>111018</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111018">10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111018</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=The+prevalence+and+characteristics+of+alexithymia+in+patients+with+type+2+diabetes+mellitus%3A+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&amp;rft.au=Ju-Hong+Pei%2C+Yu-Ting+Wei%2C+Hong-Xia+Tao%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Journal+of+Psychosomatic+Research&amp;rft.date=2022-11&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.jpsychores.2022.111018&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=111018&amp;rft.volume=162" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Piero Porcelli, Massimo De Carne, Gioacchino Leandro: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia and gastrointestinal-specific anxiety in moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Comprehensive Psychiatry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>55</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>7</span>, Oktober 2014, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1647–1653</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.05.022">10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.05.022</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymia+and+gastrointestinal-specific+anxiety+in+moderate+to+severe+irritable+bowel+syndrome&amp;rft.au=Piero+Porcelli%2C+Massimo+De+Carne%2C+Gioacchino+Leandro&amp;rft.date=2014-10&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.comppsych.2014.05.022&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=7&amp;rft.jtitle=Comprehensive+Psychiatry&amp;rft.pages=1647-1653&amp;rft.volume=55" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:1-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_44-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_44-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Emma Kinnaird, Catherine Stewart, Kate Tchanturia: <cite style="font-style:italic">Investigating alexithymia in autism: A systematic review and meta-analysis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">European Psychiatry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>55</span>, Januar 2019, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>80–89</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.09.004">10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.09.004</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30399531?dopt=Abstract">PMID 30399531</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Investigating+alexithymia+in+autism%3A+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&amp;rft.au=Emma+Kinnaird%2C+Catherine+Stewart%2C+Kate+Tchanturia&amp;rft.btitle=European+Psychiatry&amp;rft.date=2019-01&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.eurpsy.2018.09.004&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=80-89&amp;rft.pmid=30399531&amp;rft.volume=55" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Potheini Vaiouli, Olivier Luminet, Georgia Panayiotou: <cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymic and autistic traits in children and adolescents: A systematic review of the current state of knowledge</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Autism</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>26</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>2</span>, Februar 2022, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>308–316</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211058512">10.1177/13623613211058512</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Alexithymic+and+autistic+traits+in+children+and+adolescents%3A+A+systematic+review+of+the+current+state+of+knowledge&amp;rft.au=Potheini+Vaiouli%2C+Olivier+Luminet%2C+Georgia+Panayiotou&amp;rft.date=2022-02&amp;rft.doi=10.1177%2F13623613211058512&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=Autism&amp;rft.pages=308-316&amp;rft.volume=26" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Louise Ola, Fiona Gullon-Scott: <cite style="font-style:italic">Facial emotion recognition in autistic adult females correlates with alexithymia, not autism</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Autism</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>24</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>8</span>, November 2020, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>2021–2034</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320932727">10.1177/1362361320932727</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32689812?dopt=Abstract">PMID 32689812</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Facial+emotion+recognition+in+autistic+adult+females+correlates+with+alexithymia%2C+not+autism&amp;rft.au=Louise+Ola%2C+Fiona+Gullon-Scott&amp;rft.date=2020-11&amp;rft.doi=10.1177%2F1362361320932727&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=8&amp;rft.jtitle=Autism&amp;rft.pages=2021-2034&amp;rft.pmid=32689812&amp;rft.volume=24" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymia: advances in research, theory, and clinical practice</cite>. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom; New York, NY 2018, ISBN 978-1-108-41664-1, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>ff</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymia%3A+advances+in+research%2C+theory%2C+and+clinical+practice&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781108416641&amp;rft.pages=1ff&amp;rft.place=Cambridge%2C+United+Kingdom%3B+New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David A. Preece, James J. Gross: <cite style="font-style:italic">Conceptualizing alexithymia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Personality and Individual Differences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>215</span>, Dezember 2023, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>112375</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112375">10.1016/j.paid.2023.112375</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.atitle=Conceptualizing+alexithymia&amp;rft.au=David+A.+Preece%2C+James+J.+Gross&amp;rft.btitle=Personality+and+Individual+Differences&amp;rft.date=2023-12&amp;rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.paid.2023.112375&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=112375&amp;rft.volume=215" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Alexithymie: eine Störung der Affektregulation: Konzepte, Klinik und Therapie</cite>. 2., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage. Hogrefe, Bern 2022, ISBN 978-3-456-76037-7, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>22<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>ff</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Alexithymie&amp;rft.btitle=Alexithymie%3A+eine+St%C3%B6rung+der+Affektregulation%3A+Konzepte%2C+Klinik+und+Therapie&amp;rft.date=2022&amp;rft.edition=2.%2C+vollst%C3%A4ndig+%C3%BCberarbeitete+Auflage&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783456760377&amp;rft.pages=22ff&amp;rft.place=Bern&amp;rft.pub=Hogrefe" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
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